Congenital obstruction of the small intestine is one of the most common surgical conditions in children, which is usually presented in the first 24 - 48 hours of life with vomiting and abdominal distention. Obstruction of the duodenum is more common in male children, while there is no difference between the sexes in jejuno – ileal obstructions. Obstruction can be suspected in utero by prenatal ultrasound examination, and the diagnosis is confirmed after birth, based on the clinical presentation and radiological examinations. The classic sign of duodenal obstruction is the "double - bubble sign". Jejuno – ileal atresias have less typical radiological findings. Definitive management is surgery, after the establishment of hemodynamic and electrolyte stability of the child. Postoperatively, the child is monitored by a surgeon and a gastroenterologist. The etiology of the disease is explained by several different theories, and today the absence of recanalization and the vascular theory are the commonest, while the risk factors remain unknown. The aim of this paper is to identify maternal comorbidities as potential risk factors for the occurrence of small bowel obstruction in the child in utero. Conditions such as diabetes and mother’s kidney disease have been proven risk factors for the development of diseases and anomalies in children. A retrospective study was conducted in which 22 newborns treated at the Children’s Hospital Zagreb for congenital intestinal obstruction were observed. The available documentation was analyzed and the comorbidities of the mother of these newborns as well as the existence of a urinary infection during pregnancy were derived. No association of maternal comorbidities during pregnancy with a higher frequency of intestinal obstructions in newborns was found. Urinary infections during pregnancy were most often seen in mothers whose children were born with duodenal atresia, while there were no urinary infections during pregnancy in mothers of newborns with jejuno – ileal atresia. The cause-and-effect relationship between the mother's urinary infection during pregnancy and the occurrence of obstruction has not been confirmed.