Aim: The aim of the research is to evaluate the efficiency of intraoperative autologous transfusion in elective open abdominal aortic repairbetween the two patient groups – abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and aortoiliac occlusive disease (AOD) group. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study involved 286 patients treated in the Magdalena - Clinic for cardiovascular disease. According to the clinical diagnosis patients were devided intotwo groups – 204 patients in one group (AAA) and 82 patients in second group (AOD). In all patients we routinely used Medtronic AutoLog System, intraoperative autotransfusion device, according to a standardized proceduresapplicable in Magdalena Clinic. Excluding criteria were: emergency surgery (dissection or rupture of the abdominal aorta) and mortality, due to their perceived impact on the observed perioperative parameters. Data on the amount of transfused autologous blood and homologous blood products were collected from the official Magdalena Clinic databases. The study also compared the value of preoperative comorbidities and physical status (ASA classification); hematocrit and hemoglobin values in four points of perioperative period; the incidence of postoperative complications and length of stay of patients in the ICU and in the hospital. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical methodes which included Yates and Pearson 2 test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The study found statistically significant differences between groups in the total amount of intraoperative loss of RBC volume with the expected higher values in AAA patients gruop (Mann-Whitney U test, P < 0.001). The higher perioperative loss of RBC volume in these patients was accompanied by significantly higher autologous RBC volumetransfused in this group (Mann-Whitney U test, P < 0.001). Statistically significant difference between groupsin homologous RBC transfusion was not found (Mann Whitney U-test; P = 0.46). By comparing postoperative complications and the length of stay in ICU and in hospital we do not find statistically significant differences among compared groups. Conclusion: The analysis showed that IAT appears to be safe and useful strategy to minimase use of homologous blood transfusion especially in elective AAA repairs. We suggest that IAT device should be set on stand by in all elective open abdominal aortic repair procedures.