The concept of mentalization was introduced by Bateman and Fonagy, and refers to implicitly and explicitly finding the meaning of existence and thought processes in others as well as in oneself. The processes of mentalization are intertwined with the processes of human imagination and perception of other people's and own behavior patterns. Mentalization is a process subject to errors, however, in psychological disorders, these errors impair functioning in daily activities and interpersonal relationships. John Bowlby's attachment theory explains the development of mentalization through the role of continuity of vulnerability and exposure to trauma in childhood, the contribution of these factors to the damage of cognitive and social capacities of mentalization, the development of a sensitive attachment system within interpersonal relationships, and the weakened ability to represent emotions and inadequate control of attention capacity. Mentalization-based therapy was built around borderline personality disorders, but has been expanded to treat a number of diagnoses, including eating disorders. These disorders are also closely related to attachment difficulties and unstable interpersonal relationships. In the treatment of eating disorders, short psychotherapies such as cognitive-behavioral, whose cognitive aspect focuses on excessive focus on body appearance, and interpersonal, whose focus is interpersonal relationships, are also used. Short-term dynamic psychotherapy that focuses on confrontational and defensive behaviors, and adaptive psychotherapy that focuses on cognitive events and the patient's main maladaptive behavior patterns, have proven to be successful in the treatment of personality disorders.