| Sažetak | Cilj istraživanja: Primarni cilj ovoga istraživanja je određivanje vodećih uzroka smrti studenata koji su preminuli u razdoblju od 2006. do 2015. godine na području Republike Hrvatske. Sekundarni cilj je usporedba demografskih karakteristika promatranih studenata te geografske i kronološke raspodjele uzroka smrti s rezultatima sličnih istraživanja provedenih u svijetu, a sve s ciljem smanjenja smrtnosti u studentskoj populaciji putem preventivnih mjera.
Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su sve osobe koje su preminule na području Republike Hrvatske u razdoblju od 2006. do 2015. godine koje su svrstane u kategoriju “učenik”, a čija dob odgovara studentskoj populaciji. Od Hrvatskoga zavoda za javno zdravstvo prikupljeni su sljedeći podaci o ispitanicima: datum rođenja, spol, datum smrti, uzrok smrti i županijska raspodjela.
Rezultati: U razdoblju od 2006. do 2015. godine na području Republike Hrvatske pronađeno je 329 osoba koje su zadovoljavale kriterije uključenja i isključenja. Od 329 smrti232 (70,5%) ih je imalo vanjski uzrok, a 97 (29,5%) prirodni uzrok. Među preminulima od vanjskih uzroka vodeće mjesto su zauzele ozljede u prometu sa 115 (49,6%) slučajeva u promatranome razdoblju. Slijedi ih namjerno ozljeđivanje sa 71 (30,6%) slučajem, a na trećem se mjestu nalaze nezgode i nesreće s 44 (19%) slučaja. Napad zauzima posljednje mjesto sa samo 2 (0,86%) slučaja. U toj skupini bila su 172 (74,1%) muškarca i 60 (25,8%) žena, medijan dobi je iznosio 21 godinu. U skupini prirodnih uzroka smrti u 38 (39,1%) slučajeva radilo se o neoplazmi, u 25 (25,8%) slučajeva o bolesti cirkulacijskoga(krvožilnog) sustava, u 9 (9,3%) slučajeva o bolesti živčanoga sustava. Među njima je bilo 55 (56,7%) muškaraca i 42 (43,3%) žene, a medijan dobi za muškarce i žene je iznosio 22 godine.
Zaključci: Studenti u Republici Hrvatskoj češće umiru od vanjskih nego od prirodnih uzroka, a najčešći uzrok smrti su prometne nesreće. Iako je broj smrtno stradalih u prometnim nesrećama u padu, potrebno je nastaviti s preventivnim mjerama da bi se taj broj još više smanjio. Također, potrebno je dodatnu pozornost posvetiti i sprječavanju samoubojstava koja, iako druga po učestalosti s obzirom na broj preminulih, zauzimaju vodeće mjesto među potencijalnim uzrocima smrti studenata. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Objectives and background: The primary objective of this research is to determine the leading causes of death in students deceased in the period from 2006 to 2015 on the territory of the Republic of Croatia. The secondary goal is to compare demographic characteristics of the observed population, as well as geographical and chronological structure of death causes, with the results of similar studies conducted in the world, all with the aim of reducing the leading causes of death through preventive measures.
Patients and methods: The participants in the research are all deceased people in the period from 2006 to 2015 in the Republic of Croatia, whose were categorized as "student" and whose age fits the student population. The following data regarding the participants were collected from Croatian Institute of Public Health: date of birth, sex, date of death, cause of death, county.
Results: In the period from 2006 to 2015, there were 329 deceased in the Republic of Croatia who met all the criteria for inclusion and exclusion of this research. Of the 329 deceased, 232 (70,5%) died of external causes and 97 (29,5%) died of natural causes. Among the external causes, traffic accidents occupy the first place with 49,6% deceased in the observed period. They are followed by suicide with 30,6% deceased and accidents with 44 (19%) deceased. Attacks fall to the last place with only 2 (0,86%) cases. In this group there were 172 (74,1%) men and 60 (25,8%) women and the age median was 21 years. The most common reasons for death from natural causes were malignant neoplasms with 38 (39,1%) cases, followed by circulatory system diseases with 25 (25,8%) cases and diseases of the central nervous system with 9 (9,3%) cases. In this group there were 55 (56,7%) men and 42 (43,3%) women and the age median was 22 years.
Conclusions: Students in the Republic of Croatia more often die from external than from natural causes and the leading cause of death are traffic accidents. Although the number of deceased in traffic accidents is decreasing, it is necessary to continue with the preventive measures in order to further reduce the said number. Furthermore, particular attention is needed to be drawn to the prevention of suicide, which, although second considering the number of the deceased, takes the leading place within potential causes of death among students. |
