Old age is the last development period in the life of an individual, which can be determined by chronological age (after the age of 65), according to the social roles and status (after retirement) or to functional status (after a certain degree of decline abilities) . Specifics of the elderly , physiology of aging and a series of accompanying diseases and conditions that occur later in life are the reason the special access to surgical elderly patients. The most common causes of hospitalization in the surgical department are fractures of the thigh bone, which are located as the 4th of the total number of hospitalizations for people over 65 years, than of hernia (8th in the total number of hospitalizations) , while gallstones are on 10th position of the total number of hospitalization. Treatment success for any surgical state depends on proper diagnosis, proper preoperative preparation and ongoing care of patients before and after surgery. The preoperative preparation beside a careful physical training, invaluable issue is psychological approach, establishing trust and good communication that reduces stress which is for these patients particularly pronounced. During intraoperative course, it is very important to prevent damage to tissues and nerves, and hypothermia which is tipical for this patients due to their physiology. In the postoperative period there is every possibility of complications related to reduced mobility, and because of it, early mobilization of these patients is necessary. Seniors have proven to be sensitive age group which often react to stressful situations (such as surgery) with the changes in the physical, emotional and psychological functioning, and they need a longer rehabilitation. Given the complexity of health problems, it is often not possible to reach the patient functional ability that he had before the surgery, so the goals of rehabilitation are being adapted to the possibilities of patients. The main goal of rehabilitation is to achieve the greatest possible degree of independence in patients. In order to preserve health as long as possible, and to delay the changes that ages bring with them, the important thing is positive health behavior . The nurse should promote instructions for healthy aging that have been brought by experts gerontologists, and it should be done at all levels of her work.