Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease, whic occurs in genetically susceptible individuals under the influence of environmental factors. Thus, in addition to individual risk factors, there are enviromental, potentially modifable risik factors for the disease. The main classification of diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus type 1 (insulin dependent) and type 2 diabetes division (independent of insulin Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of most frequent disorders in children. Studies show that more and more children are getting ŠBT2 due to various factors and the highest rise of obesity in children. The diagnosis of diabetes in children is usually simply requires little or no specialized testing. Symptoms and signs of the disease are: increased thirst and need to urinate, excessive hunger, weight loss, fatigue, irritability, blurred vision, fungal infection. There are five basic principles in the treatment of diabetes in children: education, regulitana diet, physical activity, insulin and self control of blood glucose. The most common acute complications of diabetes are hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse must know the symptoms and signs of disease and at times disposed child. By keeping normoglycemia child significantly reduces the occurrence of chronic complication of diabetes. To make the process of health care to be effective nurse their work should focus exclusively on the child and to meet their needs. This mode ensures the quality of health care.