Cattle production is the most important sector of livestock production and is of great importance for the Croatian agriculture. Cattle in the Republic of Croatia has excellent natural conditions of production but with a very poor and underdeveloped market structure has become heavily dependent on imports. With a view to achieving a lasting and competitive development of cattle breeding, and while following global trends, in 2012. comes to the introduction of genomic selection in cattle breeding in Croatia. Genomic selection involves the use of genetic information that can be obtained by direct analysis of the genome (DNK) of animals for earlier and more accurate description of its breeding value. This enabled the deciphering of the genome of cattle and developing its analysis procedures by which quickly and economically beneficial can examine the locus of many thousands of genes simultaneously, and identification of a large number of genetic markers. The goal of genomic selection is to pair all known sources of information - phenotype, origin and genetic markers to obtain the highest possible accuracy of estimated breeding values (BV) and provide genetic progress. Genomic selection and on its basis predicted breeding values placed new challenges and opportunities for the breeder and the implementation of a breeding program. By the introduction of genomic selection in recent years, breeding programs in cattle experience significant turning points, whereof in the last years numerous controversies are beeing conducted.