The creation of animals with high production properties (for example: milk production, increase in musculature, resistance, fitness, etc.) has led to the loss of the diversity of domestic animals. There are several reasons for which the loss occurs, for some reasons the person is directly responsible, while for others he is not. Due to the intensive cultivation of modern breeds, the number of local breeds is decreasing, and due to the decrease in the number of individuals in the populations of local breeds, inbreeding occurs, the effective size of the population decreases, as well as other indicators of loss of diversity. Populations of domestic animals are continuously improved in terms of performance and productivity through selection, and as a result of these processes, signature appear in the genome called selection sweeps. Selection signatures arose as a result of selection, mutation or genetic drift. Selection sweeps can be strong or weak, complete or partial, depending on the origin, type and frequency of the mutation. Sweeps can also be complete, where there is a complete fixation of the favored allele, or they can be partial, where the favored alleles continue to segregate together with neutral sites in the population. There is a wide range of methods for detecting selection signatures, since the discovery of SNP markers, developed methods have been used to detect signatures using DNA sequences or SNP geotypes in domestic animal populations. These methods can be classified into two groups: (1.) statistics within a population and (2.) statistics between populations. Within-population statistics include three methods based on locus frequency spectrum, LD, and reduced variability, and between-population statistics use methods that can be grouped into diversity at a single locus or at haplotypes. Since domestic animals are bred for specific purposes, the application of selection signatures established with modern genomic tools can significantly contribute to the development of conservation programs for different populations of domestic animals.