As the evidence on the most common therapeutic problems in diabetics is limited, the aim of this study was to determine and define the most common therapeutic problems in patients with type 2 diabetes at the level of primary health care in the Republic of Croatia. The use of drugs and the most common comorbidities in this group of patients are also presented. The study was designed as a prospective observational study and is part of a larger prospective interventional study with multi-year controlled follow-up of patients. At the first consultation, the necessary information about the patient was collected, therapeutic problems were identified and therapeutic goals were defined in cooperation with the patient, while clinical outcomes were monitored and documented at the remaining consultations. 88 people aged 34 to 88 were included in the study, and the including criterion was the diagnosis of diabetes. In order to identify therapeutic problems, participants' data were collected during their first visit to the Pharmacotherapy Counseling Center and during the second visit, which was approximately one to several weeks after the initial consultation, depending on the nature of therapeutic problems. The test results show that the most common therapeutic problems in diabetics are the need to introduce additional therapy and too low dose of the drug. Most respondents have at least one therapeutic problem. The most common comorbidity was arterial hypertension, followed by dyslipidemia. Metformin proved to be the first choice in the treatment of diabetes, insulin therapy is less common, while dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors showed a relatively high prevalence in the treatment of diabetics in Croatia.