The main aim of this thesis was to present challenges in the treatment of Parkinson's disease as one of the most common movement disorders with a high degree of disability of patients. Specific aims were: to describe the clinical features of Parkinson's disease, point out the importance of recognizing symptoms and early and correct diagnosis, and pharmacologically characterize the group of drugs that are most commonly used in the treatment This paper describes the pharmacological profile of the basic groups of drugs used to treat Parkinson's disease. Among them, dopamine agonists have an important role in the treatment of Parkinsonism and they are the main therapy, but levodopa with carbidopa, MAO-B and COMT inhibitors are also used. Patiens with are younger age and with those who have mild forms of the disease can start the treatment with selegiline because of his neuroprotective effect and slowing the progression of the disease. Control of dietary proteine intake also helps reducing fluctuations in therapeutic response. Deep brain stimulation usually helps patients who did not respond to pharmaceutic interventions. The patient and his family can go through a demanding period and they should certainly be given an emocional and social support. The loss of physical mobility with the change of personality may be something that is very difficult to cary within the family. The involvement of physical therapists, social workers and specialists in palliative care is important. The pharmacist has an important and responsible role in providing optimal care for patients with Parkinson's disease. As the most accessible health care provider, pharmacist is able to control pharmacotherapy and advise on its rational implementation, but also through confidential relationship with the patient, influence the adherence and thus contribute to achieving therapeutic goal with minimal risks of unwanted and toxic side effects.