Sclerochronology is an interdisciplinary field of research that investigates the structure and geochemical composition of the hard parts of marine organisms including bivalve shells. In this dissertation, sclerochronological methods of analysis were applied on the shells of two comercialy important bivalve species Callista chione and Venus verrucosa. Temporal and spatial variations in the composition of oxygen (δ18Oshell) and carbon (δ13Cshell) stable isotopes are described, the time of growth line formation is determined, and seasonal growth dynamics are described. Both target species have great potential for reconstruction of sea temperatures in coastal areas and they record sea temperatures during the warmer periods of the year. Other two analyses were performed on C. chione shells. The analysis of the element composition showed cyclic values in the Mg/Cashell ratios, with high values recorded close to the positions of the annual growth lines. The Ba/Cashell values had significant spatial and temporal variations, and were highly synchronized at some locations. Comparison of Ba/Cashell ratios in analysed C. chione shells with environmental data did not show clearly which factors influence Ba deposition. The results of growth chronologies clearly show the synchronized growth of C. chione individuals within the same populations. There was a statistically significant correlation between the growth chronology of C. chione for the Chioggia and Pag Bay sites. The growth chronology obtained for the Pašman Channel did not correlate with the two northern chronologies. The maximum age of the C. chione estimated in this dissertation is 46 years, which is two years higher than the previous values confirming the significant longevity of this species.