The theme of this final work is child poverty in Croatia. The paper pays attention to various concepts related to poverty (material deprivation, income poverty) and presents the current state regarding position of children in both Republic of Croatia and on international scale. At the end, the paper presents results of some research conducted in both Republic of Croatia and on global scale. Finally, this paper provides an overview on the role of social workers in the fight against poverty of children and young people. The aim of this study is to raise awareness of the fact that indeed there are poor children in the Republic of Croatia and that it could cause negative effects on their further development. The most important conclusions of the study indicate that, even though the child poverty is increasing due to the crisis of transition of Croatian society, it can be facilitated and reduced. The state can help with its institutions and laws, enterprises and companies employing family members of poor children by forming progressive business policy, and finally, individuals and extended family and relatives.