The aim of this paper is to introduce the concepts of mental health, mental health issues and psychotherapy, and to make a connection between them. A contemporary conception of mental health is presented, where mental health is no longer understood as merely presence or absence of mental health issues. An individual is considered having a optimal mental health when his well-being is high, and functioning is optimal on all levels. However, an individual can be mentally healthy even when while experiencing mental health issues, if he has appropriate help and support. The paper defines three key psychotherapy schools through different perspectives: cognitive-behavioral therapy, gestalt therapy, and reality therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy highlights the role of thoughts and beliefs in mental health issues, and sees positive outcomes as an effect of correcting cognitive distortions. Gestalt therapy understands individuals through their relationship with their environment, with their subjective perception having a key role. The role of experience in the present moment is highlighted. Reality therapy focuses on unsatisfactory relationships, personal responsibility and meeting the basic needs. All psychotherapy schools highlight the role of therapeutic relationship in positive outcomes of the psychoterapeutic process, and believe in every individual's ability to achieve a satisfactionary level of mental health. The main focus of the paper is to describe their main differences, similarities, and their efficacy in work with mental health issues. Lastly, the role of social work in psychotherapeutic work and in psychotherapeutic work with people dealing with mental health issues is presented. Social work advocates the contemporary conception of mental health, destigmatization and prevention of mental health. Social workers are key members of multidisciplinary teams working in the field of mental health.