Peer violence has been recognized as a serious social problem that we face on a daily basis when working with children. In the first part of the paper it has been defined the concept of violence, its forms and consequences. Participants in peer violence are described as persons who performed the violence as perpetrators, victims, and bystanders, as well as the characteristics and signs that may indicate that a child is either the perpetrator or the victim.Further in the paper there were identified risks and protective factors that function across many segments of a child;s personal and social development.Emphasis has been placed on the importance of preventing violence, which in order to be effective requires the cooperation and activity of all members of society who are in some way engaged in the work with the youth. At the end of the paper is pointed out to the importance of the role of social work through the school’s function of counselling and prevention function and how social workers can use their knowledge, skills and values ​​to improve pupils' lives. The purpose of this paper is to deepen our understanding of peer violence as a social problem in schools and to highlight the importance of its prevention. The aim of this paper is: to point out the importance of this subject in the framework of social work and to show how a social worker can participate in the prevention of peer violence.It is common for a social worker from the relevant Centre for Social Welfare to respond upon notice from the school when child abuse has already been committed.