This paper, entitled Environmental Crimes, consists of four parts. The first one deals with environmental crimes in general, the concept itself and their characteristics and types, and the historical aspect of their legislative regulation. It also points out their connection with economic crime, given that economic entities such as multinational companies are the most common perpetrators and their importance in relation to their transnational dimension and the importance of the right to a healthy and clean environment for both present and future generations. The second part deals with criminal law protection of the environment in Croatia by analyzing national legislation, statistical data of the Central Bureau of Statistics and national case law. The third part deals with criminal law protection of the environment at the EU level and talks about the 2008 Directive on Environmental Protection through Criminal Law and the legislative proposal to amend it from 2021. The fourth, last part examines criminal law protection in the context of international courts, that are the European Court of Human Rights, the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court, and finally considers the possibility of introducing a new criminal offense of ecocide in the Rome Statute or establishing a new specialized international criminal court for environmental crimes.