Discrimination is a concept that we encounter every day in our lives. That is precisely why it is important to intervene and reduce discrimination to the minimum possible. This is achieved by passing laws at the national level, but also by passing documents and conventions at the international level. In addition, it is important for us to raise awareness of the principle of equality as a fundamental principle today. Discrimination based on gender is most pronounced in labor law. It is visible, but poorly recognized through the employment process itself, but also later, in the work itself, then through the conditions of advancement and issues of salaries for women and men. Women, who joined paid work relatively late, faced various stereotypes and prejudices about their knowledge and abilities, all as a result of traditional thinking. This thesis includes and presents a brief history of the struggle for women's rights and the changing of their social role, as well as their economic activities, i.e. entering the labor market. The protection of women's rights through national laws is briefly presented. In addition, examples of discrimination against women during employment and work are presented (difficult employment of women, lower wages - wage gap, segregation of occupations by gender, advancement at work and the glass ceiling effect).