| Sažetak | Krize nastale u posljednje četiri godine pogodile su svijet. Nakon toliko stresnih godina, kriza i dalje ne prestaje. Pandemija Covid-19 koja je započela krajem 2019. godine u Kini velikom brzinom se širila i ostavljala posljedice vidljive na globalnoj razini u gospodarskom, ekonomskom i političkom sektoru. Nadalje, kao posljedica krize izazvane pandemijom naišao je novi problem, a to je inflacija za koji su se mnogi nadali da će biti prolaznog karaktera. No, 2022. godine započeta je ruska agresija na Ukrajinu koja je dovela do svjetskih problema.
U ovom radu se obrađuje utjecaj ekonomskih čimbenika na kretanje trošarina na energente i električnu energiju. Konkretno ovim radom će se obuhvatiti zadnja tri velika događaja u svijetu koja su imala značajan utjecaj na trošarine na energente i električnu energiju, a radi se o pandemiji Covid-19 koja je započela krajem 2019. godine, zatim ratu koji je započeo u Ukrajini od strane Rusije 24. veljače 2022., te inflaciji koja je nastala kao posljedica prethodna dva događaja. Cilj samog rada je prikazati važnost trošarina na energente i električnu energiju te stvaranja energentske sigurnosti na razini Europske unije.
Također, u radu je naglasak na trošarinama na električnu energiju i energente koji u Republici Hrvatskoj prema Zakonu o energentima obuhvaćaju motorni benzin, plinsko ulje, kerozin, ukapljeni naftni plin, teško loživo ulje, prirodni plin, kruta goriva (ugljen, koks i lignit) i biogoriva. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | The crises of the last four years have affected the world. After so many stressful years, the crisis still does not end. The Covid-19 pandemic, which began at the end of 2019 in China, spread rapidly and left consequences visible at the global level in the economic, economic and political sectors. Furthermore, as a result of the crisis caused by the pandemic, a new problem appeared, namely inflation, which many hoped would be of a temporary nature. However, in 2022, the Russian aggression against Ukraine began, which led to world problems.
This paper deals with the influence of economic factors on the movement of excise duties on energy products and electricity. Specifically, this work will cover the last three major events in the world that had a significant impact on excise duties on energy products and electricity, namely the Covid-19 pandemic that began at the end of 2019, then the war that began in Ukraine by of Russia on February 24, 2022, and the inflation that arose as a result of the previous two events. The aim of the work itself is to show the importance of excise duties on energy products and electricity and the creation of energy security at the level of the European Union.
Also, the paper focuses on excise duties on electricity and energy products, which in the Republic of Croatia, according to the Energy Products Act, include motor gasoline, gas oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, heavy fuel oil, natural gas, solid fuels (coal, coke and lignite). and biofuels. |
