Armed conflicts are not a phenomenon of modern times, nor is the need to limit their consequences. Mitigating the effects of armed conflicts is the main goal of international humanitarian law. After extensive development, the foundation of this law was established in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Additional Protocols to the Conventions of 1977. These provisions provide protection to the wounded, sick, shipwrecked, prisoners of war, and civilians, including specific provisions for the protection of women and children. Those who do not directly participate in hostilities must be protected, which is the main limitation on warfare concerning individuals. Such protection is afforded to victims of both international and non-international armed conflicts. Although the normative framework exists, the implementation of the Conventions and Additional Protocols faces certain challenges. The main reason for the violation of international humanitarian law is the lack of implementation of existing provisions, despite the presence of various mechanisms for their enforcement at both the national and international levels. The International Committee of the Red Cross plays a key role in implementing the rules of the Conventions and Additional Protocols, while raising awareness and understanding of humanitarian norms. Considering the challenges we still face regarding the protection of individuals in armed conflicts, it is crucial to continue strengthening compliance with the provisions of the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, as well as punishing those who violate them.