The place of residence encompasses a large sphere of an individual's daily life. His fundamental rights and obligations are related to residence. Therefore, it is important that the place of residence of individuals is properly regulated and determined. We have established clear procedures for police authorities in the case when they determine that a person does not reside at a certain address for a long period of time, as well as the criteria that must be established in order to deregister a person's residence by official duty. The new law introduced changes in order to more reliably define residence. It should enable the competent authorities to have complete, true and real data on the place of residence of all citizens of the Republic of Croatia. Through judicial practice, we have presented situations that show the direct influence of residence on the realization and denial of some rights. The collection of data on residence maintained by the MUP is used for all changes in the voter register, and the processing of personal data contained in the collection and the provision of data from that collection to recipients is carried out under the conditions prescribed by law. Based on the above, we conclude that the place of residence has a significant role in the life of citizens, and directly affects their conditions, which is why it is important to properly determine and record every change. Deregistration by official duty is very significant because it carries with it certain consequences that have a great impact on citizens. By passing a decision on deregistration, citizens can be without a registered residence and with a canceled identity card. Accordingly, they may be denied access to numerous rights that they cannot exercise without it.