Railway transport is one of the most important means of transport, the use of which goes back a long way in history. Like other forms of transport, rail transport also has negative impacts on the environment, but far less than others. Consequently, the impact of railway traffic on the environment, i.e. environmental pollution can be electromagnetic, noise or the release of toxic emissions. Although the impacts of rail transport are smaller than other forms of transport, it still lags behind in exploiting its potential, like for example road transport. There are several reasons for this, and as one of the most important, we can mention the high costs of building the railway infrastructure, or its maintenance. Considering the growing awareness of citizens and political representatives about climate change, in terms of transport, the focus is increasingly on rail transport as the most environmentally friendly. There is an increasing tendency for citizens to turn to rail transport as a means of travel, and for rail transport to be used more and more for the transport of goods. In addition to the "positive" impact on the environment, rail transport also opens up many economic advantages, greater mobility of people and goods, strengthening of market cooperation, etc. Also, in addition to its implications for the environment, rail transport, compared to road transport, provides far greater utilization in the transport itself goods and people, during which the space is significantly smaller. Given that traffic takes place on the railway, where as a rule only one train operates, rail transport also provides great safety, easier management and smooth management in different weather conditions.