The paper analyses the criminal law. The term conditional sentence refers to a criminal sanction consisting in the imposition of a punishment for a criminal offense, with which the punishment will not be executed if the perpetrator does not commit a new offense within a certain time and fulfils certain obligations if determined. The essence of the conditional sentence consists in referring to the perpetrator of a criminal offense of such a kind that allows the realization of the purpose of criminal sanctions by imposing a sentence without its execution. The prison sentence was considered a just response and best alert to the perpetrator to cease to commit criminal offenses as well as the most effective way of fighting the society against crime. The aim of this paper is to explain the importance and meaning of conditional conviction. A conditional sentence is presented as a special criminal sanction represented by all applicable criminal law. The paper analyzes and describes the emergence of a conditional sentence through history, the prerequisites for the pronouncement of conditional sentence and the purpose of conditional conviction.