Genocide is one of the most horrible crimes. Numerous examples of genocide are known throughout history. Genocide against Jews during the Second World War, Armenians, genocide in Darfur, Rwanda and Srebrenica. Certain conditions are required for genocide. The elements of the genocide are actus reus i.e. the perpetration of the prohibited act and the psychological element of the mens rea i.e. intent or knowledge of the crime. In order to have the criminal offense of genocide, genocidal intent (dolus eventualis) has to be proven. That intent is to completely or partially destroy some national, ethnic, racial or religious groups. Genocide exists when it is committed to a single member of the group, there is enough to have genocidal intent. The object of protection is a protected group (national, ethnic, racial or religious). Genocide does not require cumulation of actions, but it is sufficient that only one of the five modalities of action is committed. The facts pertaining to the perpetration of genocide must be demonstrated by a high degree of probability. In genocide we have a duality of responsibility. We differentiate the responsibility of the state and individual responsibility for genocide. For the trial of an individual, the Permanent International Criminal Court (ICC) is competent. An individual is responsible on the basis of the Institute of Command Responsibility. Special ad hoc courts for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda (ICTY and ICTR) were also established.