The master's thesis focusing on the crime of rape provides a comprehensive insight into the legal regulations and practices of this complex and sensitive criminal offense. Rape, regulated by Article 153 of the Criminal Code, has undergone significant historical changes, following the evolution of social attitudes and moral norms. The work includes a review of the historical development of the crime of rape, starting from the times of Hammurabi, when it was already recognized and punished, sometimes even with the death penalty. Special emphasis is placed on changes in Croatian criminal legislation after the independence of the state, focusing on the reforms of the Criminal Code in 1997 and 2011. These reforms reflect the adaptation of the law to new social demands and standards, especially in terms of protecting the rights of victims and combating sexual violence. The thesis thoroughly analyzes the elements and concepts that define rape according to legal norms. Elements such as the use of force or threat, lack of the victim's consent, and the perpetrator's intent are considered in the context of legal provisions that criminalize this act. The work also includes examples of the practice of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Croatia. Through the analysis of selected judgments, the Court's stance on the interpretation and assessment of elements essential for the characterization of the crime of rape is highlighted. These judgments illuminate how courts apply legal provisions in practice, providing insight into the challenges and dilemmas they face in evaluating evidence and determining the factual situation. The master's thesis offers a comprehensive overview of the crime of rape, its legal framework, historical development, and judicial practice, contributing to a better understanding of this complex and sensitive area of the criminal justice system.