In this graduate thesis it is explained the occurrence of the principles of formation of semiconductor material and semiconductor p-n connection. The process of absorbing energy of photon in the p-n connection is considered and the use of the photon energy to outbreak the electron and the hole that has recombined with the semiconductor p-n connection itself. In this way the operation principle of the photovoltaic cell mas been analyzed. Further in the thesis different technologies and photovoltaic cell types are being compared, it advantages and disadvantages and their efficiency. Based on the 3 important properties; exceptional electrical conductivity, great strength and transparency it is concluded that graphene has a great potential in photovoltaic cell production. In the last part of the thesis the photovoltaic systems classification is explained and its basic elements systems structure. The role, basic elements and the system of work of the indirect transducer in the photovoltaic systems is explained. The work of indirect transducer with alternating linkage is being simulated and conclusions have been taken out.