Anesthesiology is a branch of medicine whose goal is to achieve reversible insensitivity to pain. General anesthesia brings the patient into an unconscious state where there is no sensibility, ability to move, and the defense system is temporarily not functioning. The anesthesiologist can choose between inhalation and intravenous general anesthetics, depending on the patient’s health condition and the type of procedure. People who are not cooperative, have an irrational fear of dental surgery and children with psychomotor developmental disorders are indicated for general anesthesia. Preoperative preparation of the patient is required, which includes a comprehensive anamnesis and physical examination, examinations (ECG, blood analysis, X-ray) and signed consent. A risk assessment according to the ASA classification is required. Premedication is a key step before starting general anesthesia to reduce fear and anxiety and consists of psychological and pharmacological preparation. During general anesthesia, monitoring of the patient’s vital functions is mandatory. Complications can be divided into mild and severe. The most common complications include postoperative nausea and vomiting, but with advances in medicine, nowadaysthey have been greatly reduced. Close cooperation between anesthesiologists and dentist is essential throughout the procedure.