Making a correct diagnosis is the most important step in the selection of proper treatment – yet, this kind of diagnosis is often difficult to achieve when it comes to primary and young permanent teeth. Diagnoses are used to determine certain treatment methods, and the selection of these techniques in turn depends on the degree of growth and development of the root, the vitality of pulp tissue and the symptoms. Vital deciduous teeth are usually treated with the methods of indirect pulp capping and vital pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide, MTA and ferrous sulfate, while non-vital teeth are treated with pulpectomy. In young permanent teeth, the treatment method depends on whether the pulp is vital or non-vital. In cases of vital pulp with immature roots, the options available are indirect pulp capping, direct pulp capping, pulpotomy, apexogenesis and conventional endodontic treatment while, in cases of non-vital pulp with immature roots, the procedures of revascularisation and apexification, together with conventional endodontic treatment, may be implemented. The materials used in the procedures of apexogenesis and apexification are based on calcium hydroxide and MTA. For revascularisation, triple antibiotic paste and MTA are used.