Parodontology is a stomatological clinical discipline which studies periodont as a part of functional whole of masticatory system and the influence of periodontal disease on tooth loss. As a specific problem in parodontology appears the problem of periodontal damage in the area of root furcations. Some of the primary factors in the etiology of furcations damage are tooth plaque and bacterial plaque which makes up the organic matrix of tooth plaque. Predisposition factors include root anatomy enamel extension, enamel perls, ridges on root furcations, accessary pulp channel and occlusal trauma. To choose the adequate therapeutical method, is necessary to know the level of furcation damage. Conservative therapy is indicated in the casis of initial periodontitis and can be used as a completely independent method. It includes the subgingival cleaning of periodontal pockets. The patient first must demonstrate certain motivation and degree of house care. The most often used method of subgingival tooth plaque removal is root scaling and planing. On places where non-surgical therapy proved insufficient periodontal surgical treatment must be performed. We distinguish among 3 different surgical methods: gingivectomy and gingivoplastic, bone operation, flap operation and the muccoginigival surgery. In accordance with the aims of regenerative periodontal therapy the eighties have brought the introduction of GTR techinque into practice. During the period of healing this procedure allows only the cells of the periodontal ligament to plant on the root surface and prevents by placing a membrane the apical migration of oral epitel along the tooth root. Root resection includes cutting or removing the root with the supporting part of the crown and the pulp tissue or without them. The tunneling procedure is until today the least studied therapeutical possibility in the treatment of teeth with strong furcational defects. This procedure ensures plaque control and access for interdental brushes for means of hygiene maintanence. Tooth separation in the case of furcation damage is a procedure where the tooth is devided into two parts which increases plaque control.