Ever since their discovery at the end of the 19th century, antibiotics have been one of the most important tools in the treatment of infections both in medicine and in dentistry. In endodontics, antibiotics are mainly used as adjuvant therapy, since the primary task is to desinfect and clean the root canal. Amoxicillin, a combination od amoxicillin and clavulonic acid, clindamycin, metronidazole and azithromycin are most commonly used. They can be applied systematically or locally. The systemic use of antibiotics for theraputic purposes has specific indications in which it can be used, and it is used prophilactically in patients at risk of developing infective endocarditis, in immunocompromised patients and in patients with artificial joints. Doses, methods of administration and groups of patients to whom prophylaxis is recommendes are defined according to guidelines. Amoxicillin is recommended as the first choice of antibiotic, while clindamycin was used as substitute for people with penicillin allergy for a log time. However, due to its frequent and severe side effects, it was dropped from the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) in 2023. Local antibiotics are applied in the root canal itself. The most commonly used local remedy is triantibiotic paste ( TAP ). New guidelines for antibiotic therapy in endodontics touch on the duration of the antibiotic therapy and the replacement of clindamycin in prophylaxis.