Oral surgery procedures in children are specific because of the intensive growth and development as well as anatomical and morphological characteristics of the tissue. Surgical techniques can be conventional, but more recently, other minimally invasive surgery techniques such as lasers or electrotomes are used more intensively. The most common oral surgery procedure in children is tooth extraction during which certain movements with forceps tear the periodontal fibres and expand alveolus so that the tooth can be extracted. Because of the process of evolution and eating softer food, our jaw has decreased in size over the years. However, the size of the teeth has remained the same. This is the reason why nowadays crowding in dental arch is more frequent, and it often causes the impaction of a certain teeth in the jaw. In addition to the impacted teeth, there is also a possibility of supernumerary tooth. The most common type of supernumerary tooth is the mesiodens. Caries appears as a consequence of taking softer food, carbohydrates and fruit drinks in childhood. If it is not treated, it can cause acute odontogenic infections. Urgent therapy, which includes tooth extraction and abscess incision, is required. Deeply inserted frenulum and ankyloglossia are anatomical and morphological variations of soft tissues that need to be treated in order to allow normal further development of jaw and speech. Pathological lesions, such as odontoma, epulis granulomatosa and cysts should be surgically removed because they may cause tooth impaction in the jaw. Eruption cysts and Epstein pearls are frequent developmental odontogenic cysts which do not require treatment because they tend to disappear spontaneously.