Viral hepatitis is a diffuse inflammation of the liver parenchyma caused by hepatotropic viruses (viruses to which the liver is the primary site of infection). It is characteristic of viral hepatitis that its main medium of transmission is blood. The most common primary hepatotropic viruses are as follows: hepatitis A, B, C, D, E. Hepatitis B and C viruses can cause chronic disease, and therefore they are the topic of this research. It has been estimated that in Croatia about 25,000 people are infected with hepatitis B and about 40,000 people are infected with hepatitis C. All healthcare professionals are at increased risk of contracting hepatitis B and C viruses. This paper is based on an assessment of the knowledge of dental students at the University of Zagreb regarding the infection with viral hepatitis B and C. The total of 206 respondents were included in the research. The results obtained in this research reveal that it is necessary to draw dental students' attention to hepatitis B and C infections. It would be advisable to introduce courses and lectures on these infections in the entire education system. There is a statistically significant increase in knowledge (p <0.05) after passing the exams Internal Medicine and Occupational Diseases in Dentistry. The figure of 21.05% of reported sharps injury incidents tells us that more attention should be paid to informing dental students when and where it is necessary to report a sharps injury incident and what the consequences are of not reporting them.