The impact of the wash bath composition on the properties of sensitive textiles was investigated through the variation of the material composition. The variation of the bath was made through the selection of four washing agents: three liquid detergents for sensitive laundry and water. The textile materials included two woolen black knit fabrics, a blue cotton fabric and a red fabric made of a mixture of flax and silk. A detergent analysis was carried out to determine the surface active substance, proportion of anionic and nonionic surfactants and the pH value. The analyzed detergents at the recommended concentrations were applied in washing at 30 °C for 10 cycles. The secondary effect of liquid detergents in washing was compared to water through the analysis of residuals in the aqueous extract of the washed materials, the measurement of spectral characteristics and the analysis of the surface washed in comparison to unwashed one. The results confirmed that the total difference in color (dE) of the washed materials compared to the unwashed is good parameter for the difference within the series of liquid detergents tested through 10 washing cycles at 30 °C. The comparison of the fastness grades does not give any significant differences within the series of detergents tested, which implies that this criterion is not fully acceptable for the comparative assessment of the washing agents. The content of nonionic and anionic surfactants in the aqueous extract of washed materials is different. The identified content of the nonionic surfactant in the aqueous extract of all materials is below the limit value according to the RAL-GZ 992 quality system. The content of the anionic surfactant in the aqueous extract of the material is dependent on the type of material and the washing agent.