In today's world where great global changes and disagreements are ruled, it is imperative that all aspects act on the principle of sustainable development in order to achieve balance in all components of life. The biophysical, social, political and economic dimensions are the main dimensions of sustainable development that encompass values such as peace and equality, preservation and protection, appropriate development, and democracy. The goal of this thesis is to bring closer the importance of the concept of sustainable development, describe some of the current researches and projects related to this topic, present the carried out research to examine children's awareness of the notion of sustainable development and describe the carried out activity. The research is based on the one that the international organization OMEP has begun within the framework of the world's educational development project. Based on conversations with 25 children aged 5 to 6, that were previously shown the printed image of the OMEP logo, we tested their knowledge and perception of Earth's planet and issues that are closely related to it. The results confirmed outcomes of the previous research. Children have initial knowledge of the planet Earth, demonstrating the simple but accurate understanding of negative environmental changes. They know that the planet Earth is polluted and that we have to work hard and continue keeping it clean, so we could keep living on our planet. The main aim of the educational activities of recycling paper that were carried out was the sensibility development of the youngest for the environment and sustainable development, so that they would acknowledge and adopt ecologically sound and correct behaviour in childhood and apply it in a mature age.