Optimistic people have a better insight into the positive side of every situation, they smile more and appear accessible, confident, friendly, kind and leave a good impression. Every bad situation or event, optimistic person attributes to circumstances and the current situation, never their own incompetence. It seems that the optimists are in fact true realists who are willing to accept negative feedback and to hear bad news. Pessimists attribute failures to their own incompetence, believe that bad events will be long-term and tend to see the negative traits in other people. Pessimists are more likely to feel depressed, insecure, they are unaware of their own virtues, appear worried and grim. Because of their traits and appearance they are inaccessible, so they fail to achieve probable success. High or low self-esteem can be a trait of both optimists and pessimists because self esteem is an image of ourselves that we build through life. A person of high self-esteem has a positive opinion about themselves while low self-esteem people underestimate themselves. Self-esteem is personal opinion so other people can have great opinion about a low-esteem person. Intelligent people and people that are aware of their own abilities and shortcomings have a good sense of humor, and are satisfied with their actions and themselves in general. This diploma thesis carried out a research in order to examine: whether there is a connection between optimism / pessimism and self-respect and the use of humor in the classroom with teachers of primary schools; and to check whether the use of humor in the classroom depends on the place of residence town / village and years of service. The study found that pessimistic respondents use humor to a lesser extent then optimistic respondents when teaching. It was also shown that optimistic people have more self-esteem. Respondents with more than 11 years of service typically use more humor in the teaching then those who have less seniority.