The aim of this study is to clarify the concept of attachment theory and to highlight the importance of its role in many aspects of a child's growth and development relying especially on types of attachment and their impact on the quality of child-mother relationship. Considering the different views and methods of many theorists, it is a common view that the child's family is the source of the first emotional experiences. However, what we do differentiate are reactions and responses to the need of the child that lead to the development of a secure or insecure attachment. According to this, a personal observation was made on the emotional development on children without parents and appropriate parental care at children's home „Zagreb“. Thus, this study will focus on the individual differences in attachment quality which are explained by the internal working models that the child creates based on the feedback he or she receives. Also, the ability to establish attachment, the quality of care, the characteristics of the infant and the family context are necessary in the formation of particular types of attachment and affect relationship with other family members. The development of attachment from an early age, the role of family members in this process will be extended, with and emphasis on the role of the mother, and the importance of establishing a secure attachment that leads the child to an independent and competent individual for later development and future relationships. In conclusion, a relationship of quality-built attachment is crucial for successful adjustment in childhood and largely determines our behaviors that we share in future relationships and interactions with others in later development.