The purpose of this research was to determine the level of awareness of preschool children and preschool teachers about chronic diseases among children in kindergartens. Two null hypotheses were proposed. One said that preschool teachers possess appropriate knowledge about chronic diseases and about interventions that they require, while the other said that preschool children are not enough informed about chronic diseases of their peers. To confirm these hypotheses two separate surveys were created – one for the parents of preschool children and the other for the teachers employed in kindergartens. In the survey participated 37 teachers from 5 kindergartens from the area of northwestern Croatia, and 62 parents of children in the age from 5 to 6 years old. The results show that preschool teachers are best informed about asthma, then about epilepsy and considerably less about diabetes mellitus type I and about celiac disease. In the case of a seizure or complications of a disease that can be dangerous for life, the teachers would act fairly well, with the exception of putting a pencil in the mouth or holding the child during an epilepsy seizure, and also they were confused about what is hyperglycemia and what is hyp oglycemia, as complications of diabetes mellitus type I. The results are partially identical to the results of other research on this subject. The research showed that preschool children are not informed about epilepsy, nor about diabetes mellitus and celiac disease. Very few of them, but still more than about other chronic diseases they were informed about asthma. The limitation of this research is the small number of examinees and the participation of kindergarten teachers only from kindergartens that hav e no nurse on their staff.