The aim of this graduate paper is related to identifying differences in anthropological characteristics (anthropometric characteristics and motor skills) between boys and girls of preschool age and in relation to that, research was provided to conclude if there are any differences, and if they really are, in which anthropological characteristics we can see them. The research involved 51 children (24 girls and 27 boys) who were conducted in two kindergartens in Krapina-Zagorje county at the age of 6. The sample of variables consists of two anthropometric measures (body height and body mass) and four tests to assess motor skills (speed, explosive power, repetitive power, coordination). The research was provided in purpose of expanding the knowledge of anthropological characteristics and the importance of tracking and reacting in time which should be necessary from both parents and preschool teachers. The collected data were processed by the software package Statistica 13. The significance of differences in arithmetic means between the gender was measured by Mann-Whitney "U" test. The obtained results showed the existence of significant differences in anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities between the genders. Results of this research will confirm the results of previous research on the same or similar basis. By using various literature we will investigate anthropological features, more specifically anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities; developmental characteristics of preschool children and some of the research done so far.