This paper deals with the topic of feral children who grew up without contact with the human environment. By studying the relevant literature and previous research, we try to point out the most significant cases of such children and present a historical overview of various theses and approaches to this topic. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of education and a stimulating environment for the child's overall development, through the presentation of cases of feral children. Special emphasis is placed on the development of speech, and the need to stimulate all the child's senses from an early age. The great interest that these cases have aroused throughout history has most often been related to the attempt of philosophers, but also other scientists, to understand what actually constitutes the essence of man and distinguishes him from other living beings. There are various theses about the importance of the influence of society and socialization on human development, from the nativist doubt in the power of education to the empirical emphasis on the omnipotence of education. A contemporary view of this issue emphasizes the importance of the interaction of hereditary and environmental factors. Although some of the cases of wild children that appear throughout history are highly questionable and imbued with myths, many scientists have nevertheless agreed that many of them are credible. It is precisely such cases of feral children that give us an additional opportunity to study those human characteristics that can be developed and realized to their full potential only with appropriate incentives from the social environment. When inspecting these cases, special emphasis is placed on language development, questioning the thesis of the existence of a critical or sensitive period for language acquisition. The importance of individual cases is also emphasized, thus influencing the development of awareness of the importance of environmental factors, as well as the individual approach to education.