The aim of this paper was to introduce students to Renaissance and Baroque painting, which served as a stimulus for their artistic expression and creation. The works of Renaissance and Baroque painters were chosen because they contrast each other with their artistic features. While Renaissance emphasizes classical beauty and stillness, Baroque focuses on the opulence of color, light, and shadows. In contrast to Renaissance linearity, clarity of contours, harmony, and balance, there is Baroque vividness, soft transitions, and the pursuit of the vague. Renaissance art finds its desire for symmetry and proportion in Antiquity, which loses its significance in Baroque. Baroque artists ignore classical proportions and beauty, they turn to dramatic expressions and the depiction of unappealing. Such works of art can serve as a challenge for students and positively influence their development. For this reason, five reproductions from Renaissance and Baroque periods were selected and shown to students in primary education. The reproductions were observed analytically with their artistic features being noted. Then they served as a stimulus for students' artistic expression and creation. Each lesson was carefully planned and adapted to the students' abilities but remained challenging enough to encourage their development. In their artworks, students did not precisely copy the reproductions, they were modified according to the art concepts determined for each grade of elementary school. In creating their artworks, students used painting techniques that were previously demonstrated to them. They used painting techniques to connect their artwork with those of Renaissance and Baroque painters. At the end of this paper, students' artworks can be seen. They were analyzed and evaluated according to the artistic features of Renaissance and Baroque painting, as well as educational tasks that were set earlier.