Functional abilities of children play a key role in their overall development, including vital elements of both physical and mental and emotional aspects. This important part of children's development consists of numerous skills and abilities that are essential for the child's daily functioning, both in play and learning, as well as in communication and interaction with others. Functional abilities represent the efficiency of energy processes within the body, which includes both aerobic and anaerobic functional mechanisms. Kinesiological activities, that is, exercise in kindergarten, is very important for the development of functional abilities. In addition to obvious physical benefits such as strengthening muscles, increasing endurance and maintaining a healthy body mass, physical activity also has a significant impact on the development of social skills. Through various games and sports activities, children are taught important life lessons such as sharing, cooperation, conflict resolution and building a sense of belonging and team spirit, but also motor skills and abilities that enable the child to move and manipulate objects. In addition, physical activity promotes children's mental development, improving their concentration, cognitive abilities and emotional well-being. Therefore, the integration of physical activity into the daily schedule of children in preschool institutions is essential for their overall development and health. The aim of this paper is to explain children's functional abilities, aerobic and anaerobic endurance, and the importance of kinesiology activities in kindergarten, through which functional abilities are developed. Through the first part of the paper, these concepts will be explained theoretically, while in the second part of the paper, the research of functional abilities on children and educators will be presented.