This thesis describes statistics and probability as a branch of mathematics and its purpose in classroom teaching. Statistics and probability as a science and their beginnings, development through history and application in classroom teaching are briefly presented. Furthermore, the representation of the domain data, statistics and probability in the Curriculum for the subject mathematics through educational outcomes is presented, i.e. which educational outcomes are associated with statistics and probability in the curriculum through all four grades of primary education and the percentage of their representation. The skills that students will acquire by applying the curriculum through the subject mathematics are also described. In order to notice the importance of teaching statistics and probability, we will analyze the results of exams conducted in the Republic of Croatia, namely the International Research of Trends in Mathematics and Natural Sciences (TIMSS) and the project National Exams in Mathematics, which was implemented from 2011 to 2014. In these exams, we will analyze the percentage of representation of domain tasks Data, statistics and probability and the performance of primary school students in this domain. The National Exam in Mathematics is also briefly described, which has been conducted in primary schools since 2014. according to the curriculum. Also, the benefits of learning and teaching statistics and probability and skills that students acquire by learning statistics and probabilities are listed. In addition to the advantages, there is a cross-curricular correlation between statistics and probability with other subjects and how we can use statistics and probability in teaching. This paper also presents a research on the importance of teaching statistics and probabilities, i.e. whether primary school teachers know what skills students acquire by learning statistics and probabilities. The survey was conducted using questionnaire, and the respondents were primary school teachers in MeĊimurje.