Even the first encounter with a disease develops many intensive emotional reactions, and often psychological suffering as well. Neglect of emotional symptomst leads to faster progree of the disease, lesser patientes cooperation, worse response to therapeutic procedures and significant diminshing of life quality. Everyone who experiences disease or difficulty wich demands intervention from the health system, regardles how minimal it was, needs psychological care. The care includes establishing of emotional and psychological welfare of the patients and members of their families, including difficulties of adaptation to the disease and problems regardin self – esteem, social functioning and communication. The care could be categorized in three levels, depending who gives it and of level of their education. The first level is awareness of patients’ psychological needs, the hearings techniques and communication towards and it is necessary on all levels of nurses’ education. The second level contains procedures like psychological assessment, giving suport, health education, giving information, consultation and right forwarding to specialized psychological support. For the second level is necessary higher or high formal education and attending of additional courses. The third level is psychological support in aspect of psychotherapy and it will be performed by specialized staff, like psychotherapist, clinical psychologist and psychiatrist. When the basic components of giving psychological care are identified and the preconditions for them, it is of key importanc to have personal qualities and developed interpersonal and therapeutic compentencies. The features like self – awareness, intuition, reflexion and empathy are indispensable. Besides, it is needed to point out knowledge of psychological and social perception and understanding of terms of transfer and counter transfer. A nurse has to know at any rate to communicate in a non – judging way, with showing integrity and empathetic capacity and determination in make decisions about the care. She needs to know her limitations and to behave as a model at the same time. She has to use the individual approach direct to every person and behave professionally to make sure that her own beliefs, prejudices and attitudes wouldn’t compromise the care. Because of the all which has been said, it is clear that, in the surroundings of health and social, the important accent must be put not only to identifying and solving physical needs in case of a disease, but to wider holistic needs of health care, as well. Psychological care, as a segment of holistic approach to human health, because of the numerous positive consequensec, could be neglected by no means and must be necessary component, based on the best possible evidence. It is necessary to implement strategies which will promote importance and improvement of giving psychological care.