The development and education of operation room nurses is closely linked to the introduction of aseptic techniques, which enabled the operation of high complexity, and nurses responsible for the care of surgical instruments. The development was intense, especially during World War II, because of the demand for nurses who had knowledge regarding operations, including anesthesia, to work as supervisor to auxiliary staff and to care for operating patients. In the modern era, it is known that preoperative healthcare requires high working standards. Most European countries organize, within their health system, special education for future perioperative nurses. But in Croatia, education is in the form of transferring the knowledge of older nurses to younger nurses, which is not the best solution. The idea of guiding this work is about strengthening the competences of nurses with instruments through various forms of education, workshops that would be organized by each hospital individually most of the available operating rooms. The exposure issues were addressed in the final paper and the study analysis found that the nurses did not wear dosimeters. They are proposed numberous education but adherence to the strategy in view of three steps; time, distance and protection. The aim of the final paper is to meet the necessary competencies that must be provided by perioperative nurses at its place of work. The results of the final paper indicated that the possibility of further training of nurses in Croatia and Slovenia and that the programs had been adjusted to their needs. A particular emphasis in employment has been placed on eight EORs competences and are of great help in working for the perioperative nurses. It is concluded that perioperative nurses do extremely demanding work assignments and therefore the environment in which they work should be flexible, willing to invest in their training, development, learning, but to be supportive in order not to obtain a burn out syndrome.