The main goal of this thesis was to question the connection between the environment in which we live and the influence of speech in children as well as their own expressions in a conversation. Hypothesis of the development of speech are shown throughout the whole thesis, as well as the features of the Croatian language and its dialects and features of the geographical placement of the chakavian dialect. My thesis "The influence of the chakavian dialect in the development of speech of preschool children in kindergartens" opens up question if the chakavian dialect does in fact influence speech in the preschool children of Kastav, Matulji and Brešca. Just so it would be easier to answer the thesis is put into two wholes. The first whole is based on the theoretical approach in the dialect of chakavian and the speech of preschool children. It explains therms from the standard Croatian language and its dialects and on the other side emphasis is put on the dialect of chakavian especially it's subdialect named the dialect of ekavian. This subdialect is defined by the help of three language features - the ones from the highest rang of diversity, the ones from the lowest rang of diversity and the ones from the areal language features. Speech as one of the fundamental human traits is defined and processed in a number of wholes of the thesis. The second part is based on field research. It consists of the hypothesis, using polls and interaction with children in kindergartens and based on the results we tried to prove existence chakavian influence in the speech of preschool children in the field of Kastav, Matulji and Brešca.