Montessori focused on the child's needs by making them the focal point of her pedagogy. She wanted to revolutionize the child's entire upbringing. Sensorial education is considered to be of the greatest pedagogical interest in the child's upbringing. In line with this, she developed special materials to encourage the child's development precisely, thoroughly and in detail. The development of children is presented with a detailed idea of the child whereas the path of development is divided into three periods. Each of the periods she divided in two intermediate periods. She emphasized the importance of the prenatal periods of childhood and periods of special sensitivity that occur in the first six years of a child's life. With the help of the carefully designed material and well-aimed incentives, Montessori nurtured and encouraged the development of children. She also emphasized that the brain is like plastic and that it can, therefore, be specifically shaped throughout life. These ideas are confirmed by neuroscience. The aim of this thesis was to present the possibilities of shaping, nurturing and encouraging the child's development by relying on Montessori's research on the idea of children. The theoretical part analyzes and presents the sensorial development as well as learning through senses as a main and very important component in children's education and upbringing. Methodological ways of applying the Montessori sensory material are presented in order to show the development and learning through senses as well as the benefits in both children with difficulties in development and children of typical development. The study of the sensory learning and the development of the child was made through the analysis of available literature and data collected by research. Research analysis confirmed the importance of the Montessori material for sensory learning and development, but also for the overall growth of the child. Preschool educators' opinions on the value of sensory education were studied and the willingness of children to use Montessori material was confirmed. The potential difficulties in handling the sensory material are examined, both in children of typical development as in those experiencing difficulties. It is confirmed that the sensory material has a very positive impact on all children. Materials with the greatest „invite“ for children were shown and so were the ones which encourage children to be creative.