By definition, a premature baby is any newborn born before a full 37 weeks of pregnancy, that is, carried for less than 259 days, counting from the first day of the last menstrual period. Premature birth endangers health of the newborn due to its immaturity. A premature baby, compared to a baby born at term, differs in the appearance of body parts, the development of the organ system and the development of motor skills, and therefore encounters a number of complications. With the advancement of technology and the development of medicine, the possibilities of a bad outcome in the occurrence of complications have been reduced to a minimum, and health care is much more effective. After birth, the baby is placed in an incubator. During the stay in the incubator, the nurse continuously monitors the premature baby and provides him with complete care, so the role of the nurse is very important. The role of the nurse, who is continuous with premature baby is very important. The nurse keep track of vital sings (temperature, pulse, blod pressure and respiration) of premature baby, takes care od diet, applies the prescribed therapy and performs personal hygiene of the premature baby. The nurse also has a major role in communicating with parents, who need to be supported, educated about their child´s condition, and how they will care for the child after discharge from the hospital. It is important to educate the mother about breastfeeding. Nurses are indispensable members of the team in neonatology units, where they perform various procedures and tests in order to detect difficulties as early as possible.