In this thesis, the turbulent history of Bosnian Posavina during the Homeland War is presented, beginning with the political changes in 1991 and ending with the Dayton Agreement in 1995. Great emphasis in the paper is placed on the year 1992, because during that year the most difficult battles for Bosnian Posavina were fought. The fights after 1992 were not left out either, which were the fiercest in 1995 in the area of Orašje. Demographics of Bosnian Posavina before and after the war were also discussed. The geographical framework of Posavina itself and its entire history are set. The role of the Republic of Croatia in the war in Bosnian Posavina was not neglected either, and the role of the Republic of Croatia in the defense of that entire area was carefully treated. Many controversies are connected with the role of the Republic of Croatia in the defense of Bosnian Posavina, some of which are covered in this paper. Special attention in the work was on Slavonski Brod, because during the Homeland War Slavonski Brod was extremely connected to Bosnian Posavina. The casualties of soldiers and civilians during the war were discussed, not only in the area of Bosnian Posavina, but also in the area of Slavonski Brod, where child victims were extremely high. At the end of the paper, the Dayton Agreement and the situation in the area of Bosnian Posavina after the war were discussed.