In this thesis, the emphasis is on the comparison and analysis of Russian and German phrases that have parts of the body as a component. The history of phraseology and idioms and their characteristics are presented as the basis for the analysis. First, the difference between a set of words and a phrase is highlighted, and emphasis is placed on the origin of the phrase, its functional style and form. In order to better highlight the similarities and differences between German and Russian phrases, the theoretical part presents three forms of equivalence that can appear. Furthermore, the somatic phrases themselves are described, which are actually one of the most similar in the whole world, given that the human body is more or less the same in all people. The analysis consists of selected idioms that have the head, hands, eyes, legs, heart, nose and ear as components, and for each part of the body five idioms are listed in Russian as the source language and German as the comparative language. The emphasis is on the already mentioned elements of the idiom, and especially on the degree of equivalence, which best represents the similarities and differences not only of idioms, but also of language and culture in general.