The majority of primary CNS tumors in dogs occur at the age of five years or older. Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors in dogs with a significantly higher incidence in Boxers, Golden Retrievers, Long-eared Collies, Miniature Schnauzers, Scottish Terriers and dolichocephalic dog breeds. Astrocytomas are, after meningiomas, the second most common tumors of the CNS; followed by oligodendrogliomas, which account for up to 15% of all primary CNS tumors in dogs. As a common characteristic of tumors of glial origin, an increased frequency in certain brachycephalic breeds (Boxer, bulldog, Boston Terrier) is mentioned. Up to 10% of all primary tumors of the CNS are tumors of the choroid plexus, with a higher incidence in Golden Retriever breeds. CNS tumors in dogs with lower frequency are respectively oligoastrocytomas (5%), ependymomas (3%) and embryonal tumors with a total frequency of <1%, while neural and mixed neuroglial tumors occur very rarely, with only a few cases described in dogs . Neoplasms of the CNS of dogs of less frequent occurrence include ectopic nephroblastoma of the thoracolumbar part of the spinal cord, granular cell tumors, but also meningeoangiomatosis, which is an extremely rare meningovascular disorder. The histological classification and grading of tumors of the CNS in dogs is taken from the human WHO system, and for the final confirmation of the diagnosis, the application of immunohistochemical methods is often necessary.