| Sažetak | Mastocitom je neoplazija podrijetla mastocita, a osobito često javlja se kao kožni tumor
u pasa. Biološko ponašanje i kliničke manifestacije mastocitoma izrazito su varijabilne što
predstavlja izazov pri liječenju. Citološka pretraga primarna je dijagnostička metoda
mastocitoma te posljednjih godina zbog novih istraživanja dodatno dobiva na važnosti.
Primjenom kriterija dvostupanjskog patohistološkog stupnjevanja po Kiupelu na citološke
uzorke, Camus i suradnici 2016. godine razvili su dvostupanjsko citološko stupnjevanje kutanih
mastocitoma pasa, koje je u korelaciji je s pojavom recidiva te srednjim vremenom
preživljavanja oboljelih pasa, što ga čini iznimnim prognostičkim alatom. Cilj ovog
retrospektivnog istraživanja bio je primijeniti dvostupanjsko citološko stupnjevanje na arhivske
uzorke mastocitoma pasa nastale prije 1.1.2017. te povezati dobivene rezultate s podacima o
dobi, spolu, pasmini i lokalizaciji mastocitoma oboljelih pasa. Primjenom dvostupanjskog
citološkog stupnjevanja na 82 mastocitoma, utvrđeno je 62,2% mastocitoma niske malignosti -
LG (51/82) i 37,8% mastocitoma visoke malignosti - HG (31/82) tumora, što je nešto veći
postotak HG mastocitoma u odnosu na ostala dostupna istraživanja. Pasminska predispozicija
utvrđena je redom za pasmine zlatni retriver, njemački bokser, labrador retriver te mops, a
ostale čistokrvne pasmine u ovom istraživanju zastupljene s manje jedinki također se spominju
u literaturi. Nadalje, utvrđena je povećana učestalost mastocitoma te porast udjela HG
mastocitoma s porastom dobi pasa. Što se tiče spola, zanimljivo je da je pojava LG mastocitoma
u ženskih pasa u ovom istraživanju bila 2,5 puta učestalija u odnosu na HG mastocitome, dok
je u muških pasa ova pojavnost slična. Lokalizacije utvrđene u istraživanju također su već
poznate iz literature i istraživanja, a najučestalije su redom ekstremiteti, toraks, vrat, abdomen
te glava. Abdomen je lokalizacija koja je imala veću učestalost jednog od stupnjeva - LG
mastocitoma (6 od ukupno 7). Svi dobiveni podaci ukazuju na već pretpostavljanu genetsku
etiologiju mastocitoma. Na kraju, iz dobivenih rezultata zaključeno je kako je citološko
stupnjevanje koje su razvili Camus i sur. korisna i u praksi lako primjenjiva metoda koja bi, uz
potvrdu budućih istraživanja, mogla postati nezaobilazan korak u liječenju kožnih mastocitoma
pasa. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Mast cell tumors are neoplasms which originate from mast cells and are an especially
common skin tumor in dogs. The biological behavior and clinical manifestations of mast cell
tumors vary greatly, which creates a challenge treatment-wise. The cytological examination is
the method of choice for primary diagnostics of mastocytoma and it has been gaining
importance during the last few years due to new available research data. By applying the criteria
of the 2-tiered histological grading developed by Kiupel to cytological samples, in 2016. Camus
et al developed a 2-tiered cytological grading scheme for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors,
which also highly correlated with tumor regrowth and the mean survival time of the affected
dogs. This makes it a highly valuable prognostic tool. The aim of this retrospective study was
to use the newly developed 2-tiered cytological grading scheme on archived canine cutaneous
mastocytoma samples received before 1.1.2017. and relate the obtained results to age, sex,
breed, and tumor localization of affected dogs. Out of 82 tumors that entered this study, 62,2%
(51/82) were LG, and 37,8% (31/51) were HG, respectively, which is a somewhat higher
percentage of HG mast cell tumors compared to available research. Predisposed breeds were,
in order of representation, Golden Retrievers, German Boxers, Labrador Retrievers, and Pugs.
Other breeds that are less represented in this research are also commonly mentioned in the
literature. To continue, an increased incidence of mast cell tumors in general and HG mast cell
tumors with age was evident in this study. When it comes to the sex of the affected dogs, it is
an interesting finding that in female dogs, LG mast cell tumors were 2,5 more likely compared
to HG mast cell tumors, while in the male dogs their incidence was similar. The tumor
localizations in this study were all previously described in literature; the most common being
the extremities, followed by the thorax, neck, abdomen and head. The abdomen was the only
localization in which a prevalence of one tumor grade was found, which was LG (6/7). All the
data obtained further indicate an already assumed genetic etiology of mast cell tumors. This
study concluded that the 2-tiered cytological grading developed by Camus et al is a useful and
clinical practice friendly method which could, after further confirmation, become an
indispensable step in the treatment of canine cutaneous mastocytoma. |
