The aim of this study was to investigate the Croatian owners' awareness of and their attitudes towards cat keeping and health. The survey was conducted online and included 300 cat owners. The questionnaire was predominantly filled out by women, mostly younger respondents who are studying or are employed with a university degree, and live in an urban setting, in a house, in Zagreb and central Croatia, as single people in households with up to five people with no children. Study results showed owners mainly to own one cat, while being its first owner. Cats are most often females, domestic cats, older than two years, adopted or found. Cats are mostly kept indoors with outdoor access. Most cats are neutered, free of parasites and vaccinated, but are not microchipped. Female cats generally did not have a litter. Half of the owners spend 200 to 400 kn per month on a cat and just as many owners feed them with a purchased food. Most owners collect information on cat nutrition, accommodation and hygiene from a number of different sources, while health information comes from veterinarians. About 90% of owners took their cat to the veterinarian, while having confidence in her/him. Most owners know what zoonoses are, but in a smaller percentage than they know that cats can transmit diseases to other animals. Most owners stated not to own plants in the household that can be poisonous to cats. More than 80% of owners believe that welfare of pet cats should be better protected. Of the socio-demographic indicators observed, the place of residence (urban/rural) was most often associated with the owners' awareness of and attitudes towards cat keeping and health. Study results suggest that cat owners in Croatia are well informed about their keeping and health, and have rational attitudes towards cat ownership.